{"title":"Miscellaneous","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eOur miscellaneous page is dedicated to showcasing a diverse array of authentic Tribal Art pieces that perhaps does not fit into a precise category or have an accurate place within a title. Each piece is handpicked for its authenticity and exceptional quality, ensuring that you invest in genuine, high-value artifacts. Whether you’re a seasoned collector or a newcomer, you’ll find something here that speaks to the extraordinary and adds depth to your collection. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"inca-beaker","title":"Inca Post-Conquest Wooden Beaker (Qiru)","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"p1\"\u003ePost-Conquest Period, Inca Culture, c. 1550-1640 AD, Andes Region, South America\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eAn absolutely magnificent carved wooden drinking vessel, known as a qiru (or kero), from the post-conquest Inca period. This exquisitely crafted beaker exemplifies the refined artistry of the Andean master carvers, blending traditional Inca aesthetics with post-colonial influences.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThis elegantly turned vessel features a squat, conical form that gracefully expands toward a thickened rim, resting upon a discoid foot. The surface is richly adorned with intricate geometric motifs, floral patterns, and a continuous narrative scene portraying the daily life of agricultural farmers. The vibrant polychrome hues of red, yellow, green, and tan stand out against the dark-brown background, creating a visually striking contrast.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eQirus were traditionally crafted in pairs, following the Andean custom that required two individuals to drink together as a sign of unity and reciprocity. These prestigious vessels played a central role in ceremonial toasts and ritual gatherings, often exchanged as symbolic gifts alongside textiles to express generosity and social bonds.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eFermented corn beer (chicha) held profound religious significance in the Inca world, serving as a primary ritual libation. Qirus were essential vessels in sacrificial ceremonies, where offerings of chicha or blood were poured onto the earth to honor the gods and ensure agricultural prosperity. The iconography of maize plants emerging from qirus in Andean art emphasizes the vessel’s sacred function as a conduit for spiritual nourishment and fertility rites.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThis exceptional Post-Conquest Inca qiru embodies the rich cultural traditions, artistic mastery, and enduring spiritual practices of the Inca civilization, making it a highly desirable artifact for collectors of Pre-Columbian and colonial Andean art.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGood condition. Age-related wear and abrasion. Chip in the foot, otherwise intact. Dirt, dust and soot. Size approx. 16,0cm x 9,7cm x 9,6cm. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eProvenance: Finnish private collection\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44165708972297,"sku":"1016155","price":1250.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/products\/a1_1da05bba-58aa-4be7-88b8-2dfe39cc8490.jpg?v=1676639402"},{"product_id":"kalina-terracotta-pitcher","title":"Kaliña Terracotta Pitcher","description":"\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eKaliña peoples, c. 17th to 19th century, Para District, Suriname.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLovely small-sized terracotta pitcher. Among the Kali'na women the main domestic art is the pottery making. While this art has been influenced by the newcomers it still shows that the natives had brought it to a high stage of development before the arrival of the Europeans. The pottery vary in size from large vessels over two feet in diameter to extremely small and elegantly made artefacts. In making a pottery a piece of clay is pressed into shape to serve as the bottom and on this many very thin coils are built up and the whole finally carefully smoothed inside and out with a pebble or preferably an old stone ax head. After drying for a short time the vessel is painted. It may simply be slip painted with red paint and burnt over an open fire, or it may have been made of clay mixed with burned kwepi bark. In the latter case the vessel burns to a warm reddish yellow color. Designs are painted on and it is again burnt. Three colors are used; a red vegetable paint (ruku), white clay (pimbi doti) and a black paint (taporipa). \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTerracotta pitcher with flaring rim and simple loop handle. Slip painted with broad red bands and narrow black or brown irregular line decoration. Moderate condition. Intact. Age-related heavy wear, chip and abrasion. Lovely patina. Size approx. 11,7cm x 9,4cm x 9,4cm. \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44187651670281,"sku":"1014110","price":195.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/products\/c2_955af67a-dd44-4efb-8136-bfb714104826.jpg?v=1676905616"},{"product_id":"hellenistic-bactrian-glazed-quartz-bead-necklace","title":"Hellenistic Bactrian Glazed Quartz Bead Necklace","description":"\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eGreco-Bactrian Empire, c. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e200BC to 100AD, \u003c\/span\u003eMazar-e-Sharif, Balkh, Afghanistan,\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e Central\/South Asia.\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAbsolutely stunning, massive and extremely rare necklace strung with 54 chiseled quartz beads from the regions of Balkh, made during the Greco-Bactrian Empire and with remnants of later glazed colour (cobalt, light blue and turquise) during the Islamic Dynasties c. 800 to 1000 AD. Each bead is skillfully carved in the very hard quartz with faceted, spheric form. The unique shapes could be a result of the craftsmanship of a primitive wheel cutting, facilitated by a cutter and an assistant, who kept the wheel spinning by applying diamond dust. This technique is as old as the invention of the diamond drill, 600 BC. and worked pretty much on the same technological level as the bow drill. Interestingly, these beads are only found in small area, which means that they were never exported along the silk routes, like so many other types of beads. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe Greco-Bactrian Kingdom was, along with the Indo-Greek Kingdom, the easternmost part of the Hellenistic world, covering Bactria and Sogdiana in Central Asia from 256 to 125 BC. It was centered on the north of present-day Afghanistan. The expansion of the Greco-Bactrians into present-day eastern Afghanistan and Pakistan from 180 BC established the Indo-Greek Kingdom, which was to last until around AD 10.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eThe necklace are in good condition. Beads with chips and nicks. Surface wear and stable hair line fissures on surface and interior. The glaze is partly worn away, and so are the original cut shapes. Scattered mineral deposits. Strung in modern times on a modern cotton cord and wearable, but we do recommend restringing this piece with a metal wire or more secure cord. Length approx. 62,0cm with 54 beads. Individual bead size varies from 1,0cm to 1,3cm.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eProvenance: Danish private collection\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cem data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eReferences and further reading:\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe Greek Kingdom of Bactria, its coinage and its collapse, Joe Cribb, Afghanistan Ancien Carrefour Entre Lʼest et Lʼouest: 1, Academia, 2005.(https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/3026258)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAncient Glazed Quartz Beads from Bactria, Gunar Muhlman, ancientbead.com. (http:\/\/www.ancientbead.com\/Ancient_Glaced_Bactrian_Beads.html)\u003c\/em\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44633528336649,"sku":"1100653","price":1450.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_5693.jpg?v=1696414788"},{"product_id":"dynasty-swatow-ware-porcelain-dish","title":"Korean Joseon Dynasty Blue and White Porcelain Bowl","description":"\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cspan\u003eJoseon dynasty, 17th century or earlier, Korea, East Asia\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eA delightful, sturdily potted circular deep bowl with curving sides and a extended rim, set on a short unglazed ring foot, the interior decorated underglaze-blue with a two arched fish, water-weed, flowers and other stylized decorations. The exterior with ornamented panels below a encircled sketchy thin bands.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExcellent condition. Age-related light wear. Bowl slightly warped, a few glaze pits. Footring has kiln grits. Fritting and glazing flaws. Lovely patina. Size approx. \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e23,6cm x 24,0cm x 7,0cm.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eProvenance: Swedish private collection\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44850725454089,"sku":"100100106","price":420.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_6838.jpg?v=1702896465"},{"product_id":"nguyễn-dynasty","title":"Nguyễn Dynasty Stoneware Jar","description":"\u003ch3 data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eNguyễn dynasty, 19th or early 20th century, Saigon, Vietnam\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA charming cylindrical stoneware jar from the Nguyễn Dynasty, skillfully wheel-thrown with incised horizontal lines just beneath the slightly everted rim. The jar features a flat base and an unglazed rough surface, which is entirely covered with natural shell encrustation, adding to its rustic, historical appeal.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Nguyễn Dynasty, the final ruling dynasty of Vietnam, governed the unified Vietnamese state from 1802 to 1883 before becoming a French protectorate. This period marked significant territorial expansion into modern-day southern Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos, building on centuries of territorial growth known as Nam Tiến and conflicts such as the Siamese–Vietnamese wars. This stoneware jar is a captivating example of the craftsmanship during this transformative period in Vietnam's history.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eGood condition. Age-related wear and signs of use. Intact without repairs. Minor nicks and chips. Heavy mineral deposits and unmelted wood ash in areas. Size approx. 13,5cm x 10,0cm x 9,8cm. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eProvenance: Private collection from Finland\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eFor a similar examples see:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eCylindrical jar with three ornamental lugs and incised decoration, National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian, Accession Number: S2004.203 (https:\/\/asia-archive.si.edu\/object\/S2004.203\/)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eSmall storage container, National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian, Accession Number: S2018.59.2 (https:\/\/asia-archive.si.edu\/object\/S2018.59.2\/)\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44973460160777,"sku":"100100169","price":95.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_8088.jpg?v=1706273775"},{"product_id":"copy-of-nguyễn-dynasty-stoneware-jar","title":"Nguyễn Dynasty Stoneware Jar","description":"\u003ch3 data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eNguyễn dynasty, 19th or early 20th century, Saigon, Vietnam\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA fabulous cylindrical wheel-thrown stoneware jar featuring incised horizontal lines just below the slightly everted rim and a flat base. Its unglazed rough surface is completely covered with natural shell encrustation, adding to its unique character.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Nguyễn Dynasty, the last ruling dynasty of Vietnam, followed the Nguyễn Lords and governed the unified Vietnamese state from 1802 to 1883, before falling under French protectorate. During this period, the empire expanded into modern-day southern Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos, building upon centuries of territorial growth through the Nam Tiến expansion and the Siamese–Vietnamese wars. This jar reflects the artistry and historical significance of the Nguyễn era.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eGood condition. Age-related wear and signs of use. Intact without repairs. Minor nicks and chips. Heavy mineral deposits and unmelted wood ash in areas. Firing flaws and kiln grit. Size approx. 16,5cm x 11,3cm x 10,8cm. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eProvenance: Private collection from Finland\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eFor a similar examples see:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eCylindrical jar with three ornamental lugs and incised decoration, National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian, Accession Number: S2004.203 (https:\/\/asia-archive.si.edu\/object\/S2004.203\/)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eSmall storage container, National Museum of Asian Art, Smithsonian, Accession Number: S2018.59.2 (https:\/\/asia-archive.si.edu\/object\/S2018.59.2\/)\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44973495648521,"sku":"100100170","price":145.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_8092.jpg?v=1706274286"},{"product_id":"parthian-bronze-bell","title":"Parthian Bronze Bell","description":"\u003ch3\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe Parthian Empire,  c. 200 BC - 200 AD, Northwestern Iran.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFabulous small-sized, finely cast bronze bell of conical form, decorated with elegant incised zigzag-motifs and two bands with a animal-shaped loop on top. Bronze bells with and without iron clapper hung on the bridles of horses and donkeys, as pendants in the Assyrian Empire. According to tradition, the Prophet Mohammed was not happy about the bells (Arabic jaras) hanging from the necks of pack animals in Arabia in pre-Islamic times. It is said that angels avoid caravans that produce such noises. Burial finds in Central Asia from the period from the 2nd century BC until the 10th century AD also show that the harness was hung with multiple bells of different sizes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Parthian Empire (also known as the Arsacid Empire) was a major Iranian political and cultural power in ancient Iran from 247 BC to 224 AD. At its height, the Parthian Empire stretched from the northern reaches of the Euphrates, in what is now central-eastern Turkey, to present-day Afghanistan and western Pakistan. The empire, located on the Silk Road trade route between the Roman Empire in the Mediterranean Basin and the Han dynasty of China, became a center of trade and commerce. Establishing a primary residence at Ctesiphon, on the Tigris River in southern Mesopotamia, Parthian kings ruled for nearly half a millennium and influenced politics from Asia Minor to northern India, until they were overthrown by Sasanian armies from southwest Iran in the early third century A.D.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGood condition. Wear consistent with age and use. Iron clapper missing. Surface scratches and corrosion due oxidation. Built up verdigris patina, light earthen deposits. Size approx. 4,5cm x 3,5cm x 3,3cm.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProvenance: Danish private collection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor a similar examples see:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBell, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Accession Number: 62.225.5 (https:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/art\/collection\/search\/325552)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBell, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, The Nasli M. Heeramaneck Collection of Ancient Near Eastern and Central Asian Art, Accession Number: M.76.97.894 (https:\/\/collections.lacma.org\/node\/226644)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eReferences and further reading:\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 3, Issue 1: The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian Periods, William Bayne Fisher \u0026amp; Ehsan Yarshater, Cambridge University Press, 1968\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe Parthian Empire (247 B.C.–224 A.D.), expanded original text by Department of Ancient Near Eastern Art, Blair Fowlkes-Childs, In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. (http:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/toah\/hd\/part\/hd_part.htm)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eṢandj, Henry George Farmer, In C.E. Bosworth (ed.), The Encyclopaedia of Islam, New Edition, Vol. IX, Leiden: Brill. 1997, p. 11a.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAncient Bronzes, Ceramics, and Seals: The Nasli M. Heeramaneck Collection of Ancient Near Eastern, Central Asiatic, and European Art, Los Angeles: Los Angeles County Museum of Art, 1981.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCaucasian, Iranian and Urartian Bronze Bells, Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia, Manuel Castelluccia \u0026amp; Roberto Dan, 20(1), Brill, 2014, pp. 67-104.(https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/15700577-12341261)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe Music of the Sumerians and their Immediate Successors, the Babylonians and Assyrians, Francis W. Galpin, Strasbourg University Press, 1955. p. 11.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45026766061833,"sku":"1054341","price":125.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_8379.jpg?v=1707388185"},{"product_id":"napatan-period-terracotta-pilgrim-flask","title":"Napatan Period Terracotta Pilgrim Flask","description":"\u003ch3\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eKingdom of Kush, Napatan Period, c. 700-400 BC, Lower and Upper Nubia (Sudan), Africa \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis rare and significant small-sized terracotta pilgrim flask is of circular form, with a biconvex body adorned with shallow concentric grooves on each side. The vessel is composed of two hemispherical halves, joined vertically with soft seams, showcasing the craftsmanship of the period. A narrow, short neck is inserted at the top, flanked by two small loop handles at its base. These handles, tightly folded, are decorative and non-functional, adding to the unique aesthetic of the flask. The neck is finished with a rolled rim, further highlighting the fine details of this functional yet artful object.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Napatan Period (c. 700-400 BC) derives its name from Napata, the capital of the powerful Kingdom of Kush during this era. Located near the site of modern Karima in Sudan, Napata was a significant center of power and culture. The kingdom was heavily influenced by Egyptian traditions, including their gods, writing systems, and funerary practices. The Kushite kings, who ruled Egypt as the 25th Dynasty (c. 750-656 BC), were buried in small pyramids at sites like Nuri and el Kurru, where they were interred with Egyptian-style burial goods such as shabtis, pottery, and sarcophagi.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNapata served as a religious and cultural hub for the Kingdom of Kush, and its kings’ conquests of Egypt marked the apex of Kushite power. However, by the end of the 25th Dynasty, the capital was relocated to Meroë, continuing the legacy of the powerful Kushite civilization. This beautifully crafted flask is a testament to the artistic and cultural exchanges between Nubia and Egypt during this fascinating period of African history.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGood condition. Traces of external red slip paint. Age-related wear. Fractures and cracks. Repaired. Glue residue. Mineral encrustation and earthen deposits. Traces of old museum label. Size approx. 9,1cm x 7,7cm x 6,1cm.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProvenance: Finnish private collection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor a similar examples see:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSmall pilgrim flask, Museum of Fine Arts Boston, Accession Number: 20.4804 (https:\/\/collections.mfa.org\/objects\/491314\/small-pilgrim-flask?ctx=3b9c8ae5-c854-4109-87de-e5e4c30523e6\u0026amp;idx=21)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePilgrim flask, The British Museum, Accession Number: EA22340 (https:\/\/www.britishmuseum.org\/collection\/object\/Y_EA22340)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSmall pilgrim flask, Museum of Fine Arts Boston, Accession Number: 20.4805 (https:\/\/collections.mfa.org\/objects\/491315\/small-pilgrim-flask?ctx=f2754553-284c-4ee5-a214-8c74cd9bdc00\u0026amp;idx=22)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePink pilgrim ware flask, Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford, Accession Number: AN1920.220 (https:\/\/collections.ashmolean.org\/object\/750169)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eReferences and further reading:\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePilgrim flasks: Chronological and cultural transformations in Nubia from the New Kingdom to the Napatan Period Volume I, L. Kilroe, ORA - Oxford University Research Archive, 2019\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe Kingdom of Kush: Handbook of the Napatan-Meroitic Civilization, László Török, Handbuch der Orientalistik, Erste Abteilung, Nahe und der Mittlere Osten, 1997, Vol. 31, Leiden: Brill.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eNubia: Ancient Kingdoms of Africa, Geoff Emberling, New York: Institute for the Study of the Ancient World, 2011, pp. 9–11.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMeroe and the Sudanic Kingdoms, David N. Edwards, The Journal of African History. 39 (2), 1998, pp. 175–193.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eNubia: the Napatan Period, Digital Egypt for Universities, University College London, 2002. (https:\/\/www.ucl.ac.uk\/museums-static\/digitalegypt\/nubia\/napatan.html)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45053364044041,"sku":"1073380","price":850.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_8728.jpg?v=1708083462"},{"product_id":"neo-assyrian-hardstone-stamp-seal-with-snake-motif","title":"Middle or Neo-Assyrian Hardstone Stamp Seal with Snake Motif","description":"\u003ch3 data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe Middle Assyrian Empire or early Neo-Assyrian Empire, c. 1300-900 BC, Ancient Near East.\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis exceptional, finely engraved Assyrian stamp seal is made from reddish-brown polished hardstone, shaped in a domed form. The flat side of the seal is intricately carved with an S-shaped serpent motif, composed of delicate geometric lines. This stunning seal is horizontally perforated for suspension, indicating it may have been worn as an ornament, in addition to its functional role as a signet. Such seals were highly personal items, often used to authenticate and secure documents, ensuring their owner’s authority and marking them with a symbolic or ritualistic significance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Middle Assyrian Empire (c. 1363-912 BC) marks a pivotal era in Assyrian history, beginning with the rise of Ashur-uballit I and the establishment of Assyria as a territorial kingdom. This period set the stage for the later expansion of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, which reached its zenith under rulers such as Adad Nirari II (912-891 BC), extending the empire's reach across much of Mesopotamia, Anatolia, the Levant, Egypt, and parts of Persia and Arabia. The Neo-Assyrians were known for their formidable military, technological innovations, and highly structured governance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Assyrian empire thrived, controlling vast territories, but struggled to maintain dominance over Babylonia, a conflict that would contribute to the empire’s eventual collapse in the 7th century BC. Despite this, the legacy of Assyria, with its advanced systems of warfare, governance, and culture, profoundly influenced the ancient Near East.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis beautifully carved seal represents the intricate artistry of Assyrian craftsmanship and serves as a fascinating artifact of personal identity and power within the Middle and Neo-Assyrian periods. Excellent condition. Intact. Age-related smooth wear. Mineral deposits. Size approx. 1,5cm x 1,3cm x 1,3cm.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProvenance: Ex SM collection London, England, acquired in 1970's.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eReferences and further reading:\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSelves Engraved on Stone: Seals and Identity in the Ancient Near East, ca. 1415–1050, Serdar Yalçın, BCE Series: Culture and History of the Ancient Near East, Volume: 129, Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, 2022. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/9789004524569_002)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eNeo-Assyrian Empire, Joshua J. Mark, World History Encyclopedia. Last modified June 30, 2014. (https:\/\/www.worldhistory.org\/Neo-Assyrian_Empire\/.)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe Imperialisation of Assyria: An Archaeological Approach, Bleda S. Düring, Cambridge University Press, 30 Jan 2020.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eNeo-Assyrian History, ArcGIS StoryMaps, 14 May 2020. (https:\/\/storymaps.arcgis.com\/stories\/1fa60557e9244a18b924809f862cc183)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eAssyria, 1365–609 B.C., Department of Ancient Near Eastern Art, In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History, New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. Originally published October 2004, last revised April 2010. (http:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/toah\/hd\/assy\/hd_assy.htm)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45065652764937,"sku":"100100206","price":295.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_8866.jpg?v=1708251595"},{"product_id":"roman-casting-net-lead-weight-1","title":"Romano-British or Early Anglo-Saxon Steelyard Lead Weight","description":"\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe Romano-British culture or Early Anglo-Saxon period c. 200-600 AD, Britain.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFascinating, crudely made conical steelyard lead weight with a circular perforation through a flattened section at the top. A steelyard balance (also known as a Roman steelyard or Roman balance) is a straight-beam balance with arms of unequal length. It incorporates a counterweight which slides along the longer arm to counterbalance the load and indicate its weight. The steelyard weight is a balancing counterweight that is attached to a steelyard balance, often made of lead or copper alloy. The suspension loop at the top of the weight is used to tie a rope through so that it can be hung from a steelyard balance. The small size of the steelyard weight indicates that the steelyard balance used with this weight was portable and used to weigh small articles of merchandise. Steelyards were developed during the Roman period (around 200 BC.) and were first brought to England during the era of Roman occupation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGood condition. Age-related heavy wear and abrasion. Mineral encrustation. Size approx. 2,0cm x 1,7cm x 1,5cm.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProvenance: Dutch private collection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eReferences and further reading:\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSteelyard weight, Medieval London - Fordham University (https:\/\/medievallondon.ace.fordham.edu\/collections\/show\/120)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45073996448009,"sku":"100100213","price":75.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_8884_7e53ee0c-ea1f-4d42-ba4d-79ec75a3308d.jpg?v=1708441836"},{"product_id":"viking-age-bronze-pennannular-omega-brooch","title":"Finno-Ugrian Bronze Penannular Omega Brooch","description":"\u003ch3 data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e \u003cspan\u003e10th - 11th century, Scandinavian or Baltic.\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMagnificent and rare \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFinno-Ugrian \u003c\/span\u003ebronze alloy penannular omega-type brooch featuring a free-moving central pin, connected to the circular body via a loop. Its terminals are shaped as a stylized animal heads, or upstanding leaf tendrils. The exterior of the body is decorated with diagonal grooves. Brooches such as this one were status symbols, tradable goods in lieu of currency, and are often found as grave goods to provision the dead for the afterlife. Penannular brooches feature a long pin attached by its head to a ring; the pin can move freely around the ring as far as the rolled terminals, which are close together. The brooches were worn by both men and women, usually singly at the shoulder by men and on the breast by women, and with the pin pointing up. With a penannular brooch, the pin is pushed through folds of the cloth, which are then pulled back inside the ring, the free end of the pin passes through the gap in the ring. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eExcellent condition. \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eIntact. Age-related wear. Corrosion. Encrusted green patina. Size approx. 3,8cm x 2,8cm x 1,0cm.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eProvenance: Swedish private collection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor a similar examples see:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePenannular Brooch, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Accession Number: 53.78.5 (https:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/art\/collection\/search\/468453)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePenannular brooch, The British Museum, Accession Number: 1868,1228.471 (https:\/\/www.britishmuseum.org\/collection\/object\/H_1868-1228-471)\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45447295336713,"sku":"100100291","price":385.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_1091_e2150ac1-2965-411d-8131-458e17f3ca3f.jpg?v=1715006508"},{"product_id":"early-native-american-santo-domingo-pueblo-turquoise-and-spondylus-heishi-necklace","title":"Early Native American Santo Domingo Pueblo Turquoise and Spondylus Heishi Necklace","description":"\u003ch3\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSanto Domingo Pueblo (Kewa), early to mid-20th century, northern New Mexico, United States\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA breathtaking example of classic Native American craftsmanship, this exquisite necklace showcases the timeless artistry of Santo Domingo Pueblo jewelry-making. The piece is composed of beautifully graduated, unshaped, rough-cut turquoise beads, skillfully drilled and strung on cotton thread. Enhancing the turquoise are remarkable cream-white heishi beads, made from scarce conch shell—a material sparingly used in pueblo jewelry, making this necklace exceptionally rare and valuable.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe heishi beads, meticulously crafted, reflect a time-intensive process. Square pieces of cream-colored shell were hand-drilled, shaped into cylindrical forms, and sanded to precise dimensions before being restrung into their intricate alternating pattern. The turquoise nuggets, drilled either at their centers or slightly off-center, exhibit a natural, nugget-like form, gradually increasing in size towards the base. The culmination of larger, finely selected turquoise pieces at the bottom lends the necklace a striking visual balance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis style of necklace has deep roots, with a history predating the introduction of silverwork to pueblo artisans. Highly prized by men and women of the pueblo, such necklaces are integral to ceremonial dances and cultural celebrations, serving as enduring symbols of tradition and heritage. Re-strung in the late 20th century using traditional methods, this necklace embodies a timeless aesthetic while remaining functional and durable. A wearable testament to the rich legacy of Santo Domingo Pueblo artistry, this piece represents not just beauty and skill but a connection to centuries of cultural history.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExcellent condition. Age-related light wear and signs of use. Size approx. 67,5cm circular loop. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProvenance: private collection from Netherlands\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48801225965833,"sku":"100100354","price":850.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_2490.jpg?v=1733422294"},{"product_id":"early-native-american-santo-domingo-pueblo-spondylus-heishi-necklace","title":"Early Native American Santo Domingo Pueblo Spondylus Heishi Necklace","description":"\u003ch3\u003eSanto Domingo Pueblo (Kewa), early to mid-20th century, northern New Mexico, United States\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA fantastic example of classic Native American craftsmanship, this exquisite necklace showcases the timeless artistry of Santo Domingo Pueblo jewelry-making. The aged necklace consists of eleven cut and polished \"corn kernels\" made from spondylus (spiny oyster) shell, separated by cream-white heishi beads crafted from the scarce conch shell—a material rarely used in Pueblo jewelry, making this piece exceptionally rare and valuable.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe heishi beads, meticulously crafted by hand, reflect a time-intensive process. Small square pieces of cream-colored shell were drilled, shaped into cylindrical forms, and carefully sanded to precise dimensions before being restrung into their intricate alternating pattern. The necklace features spondylus nuggets that are drilled either at their centers or slightly off-center, with the size gradually increasing towards the base. The culminating larger turquoise pieces at the bottom create a striking visual balance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis necklace represents a style deeply rooted in tradition, predating the introduction of silverwork among Pueblo artisans. Such necklaces were highly prized by both men and women of the Pueblo community, often worn during ceremonial dances and cultural celebrations. They are enduring symbols of the rich heritage and spiritual connection of the people. Re-strung in the late 20th century using traditional methods, this necklace blends a timeless aesthetic with functional durability. It is not only a testament to the beauty and skill of Santo Domingo Pueblo artisans but also a wearable piece of history, reflecting centuries of cultural legacy.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExcellent condition. Age-related light wear and signs of use. Size approx. 68,0cm circular loop. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProvenance: private collection from Netherlands\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48819009421577,"sku":"100100355","price":750.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_2494.jpg?v=1733744895"},{"product_id":"mesopotamian-rectangular-white-hard-stone-stamp-seal","title":"Mesopotamian Rectangular White Hard Stone Stamp Seal","description":"\u003ch3\u003eNorth-West Mesopotamia, c. 3000 - 2000 BC, Iraq\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCapture a timeless piece of history with this exquisite Mesopotamian white hard stone stamp seal, a testament to the artistry and symbolism of ancient Mesopotamia. This rectangular seal features a framed winged creature on one side, with finely etched wings and a gracefully curving tail. On the reverse, a quadruped, possibly a horse or zebra, is depicted in dynamic pose. Crafted with meticulous detail, the unique glyphic variations suggest cultural representations of distinct families or individuals. The seal is pierced longitudinally for suspension, combining functionality with elegance. As a prime example of Mesopotamian seals used as personal insignias, talismans, or symbols of authority, this artifact embodies the ingenuity of a civilization that shaped human history.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis stunning piece, carved from white hard stone and dating to circa 700 BC, originates from the culturally rich region of Iraq. It is a rare collectible and a true conversation starter, offering a tangible connection to the ancient world.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVery fine condition. Some small nicks and abrasions in areas, all commensurate with age. Size approx. 3,0cm x 2,5cm x 0,9cm.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProvenance: Dutch private collection\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48896826573065,"sku":"100100357","price":295.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_2607.jpg?v=1735290159"},{"product_id":"collection-of-phoenician-glass-beads","title":"Collection of Phoenician Glass Beads","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"p1\"\u003eEastern Mediterranean, c. 600–200 BC\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThis captivating collection comprises three ancient Mediterranean glass beads, each showcasing the artistry and symbolism of Phoenician culture. The first bead features a delicate light blue base adorned with blue and yellow \"eyes,\" designed as protective talismans to ward off malevolent forces. The second bead is a translucent green hemispherical piece, possibly used as a weight or adornment, embodying simplicity and elegance. The third is a stunning larger bead crafted from black glass, featuring multicolored dots in orange, green, white, and yellow. These dots, separated by a trailed ribbon of white glass, form stratified \"eyes,\" symbolizing protection against the evil eye.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThe Phoenicians, skilled seafarers of the ancient Mediterranean, used beads like these as offerings to ensure safe passage during their perilous voyages. These artifacts not only served as apotropaic devices but also as trade goods, connecting the cultures of Anatolia, the Aegean, the Levant, and North Africa. Phoenician eye beads were particularly significant, with their blue eyes considered potent symbols to repel curses. In antiquity, blue-eyed individuals were thought to possess the power to cast the evil eye, a belief echoed by Aristotle, who cautioned against their gaze. By incorporating blue eyes into their amulets, Phoenicians created a reflective defense—blue eyes staring back to neutralize the curse.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThese beads, rich in history and symbolism, exemplify the ingenuity and spiritual traditions of the Phoenician people. Perfectly suited for trade, adornment, or protection, they remain a testament to the ancient Mediterranean's cultural interconnectedness.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eGood condition. Age-related wear, chips and nicks. Encrustation. Size approx. 1,9cm x 0,9cm, 1,5cm x 1,1cm \u0026amp; 0,9cm x 1,0cm.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProvenance: British private collection.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":48944059121929,"sku":"100100360","price":345.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_2788.jpg?v=1736084635"},{"product_id":"collection-of-phoenician-glass-beads-1","title":"Collection of Phoenician Glass Beads","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"p1\"\u003eEastern Mediterranean, c. 600–200 BC\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThis exquisite collection of three ancient Mediterranean glass beads, dating from 600–200 BC, beautifully embodies the artistry and symbolism of Phoenician culture. Each bead is a testament to the Phoenicians’ exceptional craftsmanship and their deep-rooted belief in protective talismans.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThe first bead showcases a gorgeous silvery iridescence that has developed over centuries, enhancing its striking faceted black surface, which is adorned with blue “eyes”—apotropaic symbols believed to ward off malevolent forces. The second bead, once white and now a soft crème hue, is decorated with blue and yellow eye motifs, further reinforcing its protective purpose. The third and largest bead is crafted from black glass, featuring multicolored stratified “eyes” in red, green, blue, and orange, creating a mesmerizing display of both artistry and spiritual intent.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThe Phoenicians, master seafarers of the ancient Mediterranean, used such beads not only as protective charms for safe passage but also as highly valued trade goods. These artifacts forged connections between the cultures of Anatolia, the Aegean, the Levant, and North Africa, illustrating the vast commercial and cultural network of the Phoenician world.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003ePhoenician eye beads were particularly significant, as blue eyes were believed to repel curses. In antiquity, it was thought that individuals with blue eyes had the power to cast the evil eye, a superstition even referenced by Aristotle, who warned against their gaze. By incorporating blue eyes into their amulets, the Phoenicians created a reflective defense—gazing back to neutralize the curse.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThese remarkable beads, rich in history, mysticism, and cross-cultural significance, are enduring relics of the ancient Mediterranean’s spiritual and artistic traditions. Whether appreciated as historical artifacts, protective amulets, or symbols of early global trade, they offer a fascinating glimpse into the ingenuity of the Phoenician world.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eGood condition. Surface wear and abrasions commensurate with age, nicks and chip, with encrusted patina and rich earthen deposits throughout. Size approx. 2,0cm x 1,5cm, 1,1cm x 0,8cm \u0026amp; 1,1cm x 0,9cm.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eProvenance: British private collection.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50199551443209,"sku":"100100397","price":345.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_2784.jpg?v=1741090014"},{"product_id":"mesopotamian-white-stone-recumbent-bull-amulet","title":"Mesopotamian White Stone Recumbent Bull Amulet","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"p1\"\u003eBronze Age, Uruk III Culture or Early Jemdet Nasr Period, c. 3000–2900 BC, Tell Jemdet Nasr, Southern Mesopotamia\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eAn exceptional and exceedingly rare amulet carved in the form of a recumbent bull, rendered in fine white stone—likely marble or limestone. This compact yet powerful piece reflects the sophisticated artistry and symbolic richness of early Mesopotamian culture. The animal lies couchant, its legs tucked beneath its body in a posture of calm vigilance. Delicate incisions define the ears, limbs, and musculature with remarkable refinement for such an early period.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eA hole drilled laterally through the top of the figure allowed it to be worn or suspended, perhaps on a cord or as part of a ritual assemblage. The eyes, now hollow, once held inlays—possibly of colored stone, shell, or metal—suggesting a preciousness beyond mere ornament. The underside is incised with a geometric or symbolic motif, now almost completely gone, intended to leave a distinctive impression in clay or wax. This suggests the amulet may have served a secondary function as a personal seal or a marker of identity and ownership.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eComparable examples are known from the archaeological site of Jemdet Nasr, associated with the Uruk III phase, and demonstrate the continuity of zoomorphic symbolism in Mesopotamian ritual and administrative contexts. The bull, a potent symbol of strength, fertility, and divine power, held a central role in Mesopotamian mythology. Most famously, the \"Bull of Heaven\" was sent by the goddess Inanna to punish Gilgamesh, King of Uruk, in one of the earliest and most enduring epics of human literature.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThis finely crafted amulet not only embodies the artistic and spiritual sensibilities of the early Bronze Age in Mesopotamia but also serves as a poignant artifact of humanity’s first urban civilizations—where symbolism, mythology, and statecraft were inextricably entwined.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p3\"\u003eGood condition. Surface wear and abrasions commensurate with age, nicks and chip, with \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003eencrusted patina and earthen deposits throughout. Size approx. 6,1cm x 2,7cm x 3,5cm.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eProvenance: Swedish private collection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eFor a similar example see:\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eAmulet, National Museums Liverpool, Accession number:\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e1967.32.2\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e(https:\/\/www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk\/artifact\/amulet-16)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eSeal amulet in the form of a reclining cow, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Accession Number: 41.160.235\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e(https:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/art\/collection\/search\/323826)\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":55580390588681,"sku":"100100453","price":1250.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_5150.jpg?v=1748536838"},{"product_id":"ancient-anatolian-yortan-blackware-vessel","title":"Ancient Anatolian Yortan Blackware Vessel","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"p1\"\u003eYortan Culture, Early Bronze Age II, c. 2700–2400 BC, Northwestern Anatolia\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eAn exceptional and rare hand-built ceramic vessel from the Early Bronze Age Yortan culture, this striking piece exemplifies the sophisticated artistry of prehistoric Anatolia. Formed from grey-black clay, the vessel features a stable rounded base, a globular body with sloped shoulders, and a tall, flaring neck terminating in an elegantly everted rim. Four petite knob-like projections emerge from the shoulder, their upward tilt adding both texture and symbolic intrigue.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eWhat sets this piece apart is its meticulous surface treatment: the entire vessel is highly burnished, producing a deep, lustrous sheen, while incised geometric decorations—arched dotted bands encircling each knob—are inlaid with a white pigment that contrasts beautifully against the dark clay. This delicate decoration speaks to both aesthetic intention and cultural symbolism, possibly reflecting ritual or funerary significance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThe Yortan culture, known primarily from an extensive but under-studied burial site in the Bakırçay Valley of northwestern Anatolia, remains one of the more enigmatic Bronze Age cultures of the region. Burials typically involved placing the deceased—adults and children alike—in large terracotta storage jars in a crouched position, often accompanied by finely made pottery vessels such as this one. These black-burnished wares, with their refined forms and stylized motifs, offer a rare and intimate glimpse into the spiritual and daily lives of a long-lost civilization.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThis vessel is a superb example of Early Bronze Age craftsmanship and a rare survivor from a culture still shrouded in mystery. It stands as both a valuable artifact and an evocative link to the ancient world of prehistoric Anatolia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eExcellent condition. Intact. Light surface wear and abrasions commensurate with age and use, with root marks and earthen deposits throughout. Size approx. 11,3cm x 8,7cm x 8,7cm.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eProvenance: Finnish private collection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eFor a similar examples see:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eVessel, The British Museum, Accession Number: 132425\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e                                              \u003c\/span\u003e(https:\/\/www.britishmuseum.org\/collection\/object\/W_1921-1220-49)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThe Metropolitan Museum of Art, Accession Number:1983.135.1 \u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e                              \u003c\/span\u003e(https:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/art\/collection\/search\/326713)\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":55694594736393,"sku":"100100460","price":985.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_5258.jpg?v=1749803973"},{"product_id":"ancient-indian-shunga-terracotta-votive-plaque-of-female-goddess","title":"Ancient Indian Shunga Terracotta Votive Plaque of Female Goddess","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"p1\"\u003eMauryan or Shunga Period, c. 200–80 BC, possibly Chandraketugarh, Bengal, India\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eA fascinating small mold-made terracotta plaque depicting a richly adorned female figure in high relief—possibly a goddess, yakshi, or celestial apsara, rendered in the characteristic voluptuous style of the Shunga period. Her curvaceous form, emphasized in the hips and subtle tribhanga stance, reflects early Indian ideals of divine femininity and fecundity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThe figure's serene, though now partially worn, smiling face is framed by an elaborate headdress adorned with symbolic weapon forms, worn like ceremonial hairpins. Her elaborate jewelry includes massive disc earrings, a broad necklace collar, stacked bangles, and a heavy girdle draped over a sheer robe—each element modeled with impressive clarity and symbolic weight.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThis iconography aligns with figures identified as Panchachuda—a goddess or celestial female from Shunga period lore—blending characteristics of fertility goddesses, yakshis, and divine consorts. Comparable terracotta reliefs have been discovered across Bengal, particularly from the rich archaeological site of Chandraketugarh, underscoring the widespread veneration of such female deities.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eTerracotta was the preferred medium for religious iconography throughout the Ganges Valley during the Mauryan and Shunga periods (3rd–1st centuries BC). These plaques likely served as household votive icons or were installed at small outdoor shrines, embodying a personal and accessible form of devotion. The stylized enlargement and central placement of the female figure—often depicted with weapon-like motifs in her crown—reflects a proto-Durga archetype and early phases of Hindu goddess worship in South Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThis plaque is not only a compelling work of devotional art but also a rare surviving testament to early Indian religious practices, feminine divinity, and regional artistry.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eGood condition. Surface wear, firing flaws, minor losses, nicks, scratches, and chips, along with signs of weathering, erosion, and encrustations. Size approx. 9,2cm x 3,7cm x 2,0cm. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eProvenance: From the estate of Professor Tore Arnborg (1912–2007), a senior United Nations official who served as head of the FAO in West and East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). Acquired abroad and brought to Sweden in the 1960s.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eFor a similar examples see:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eFemale figure, Asian Art Museum, Accession Number: B69S30 (\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003ehttps:\/\/searchcollection.asianart.org\/objects\/10630\/female-figure\u003c\/span\u003e)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003ePlaque with Goddess and Attendant, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Accession Number: (\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003ehttps:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/art\/collection\/search\/38087\u003c\/span\u003e)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eReferences and further reading:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eSome Important Terracotta Figurines of Pāṭaliputr, Uma Shankar Azad, March 2024, IJSDR, Volume 9 Issue 3 (https:\/\/www.ijsdr.org\/papers\/IJSDR2403069.pdf)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eChandraketugarh Terracotta Objects, MAP Academy Encyclopedia of Art (\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/mapacademy.io\/article\/chandraketugarh-terracotta-objects\/\"\u003ehttps:\/\/mapacademy.io\/article\/chandraketugarh-terracotta-objects\/\u003c\/a\u003e)\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":55757781926153,"sku":"100100464","price":625.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_5365_171be22f-3cef-408e-a5c8-0cd9298c206b.jpg?v=1750502885"},{"product_id":"collection-of-phoenician-glass-beads-2","title":"Collection of Phoenician Glass Beads","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"p1\"\u003eEastern Mediterranean, c. 600–200 BC\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eA beautiful set of four ancient Phoenician glass beads, each showcasing the artistry, symbolism, and far-reaching trade of the ancient Mediterranean world.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eOne features a striking dark blue surface with silvery iridescence and applied blue eye motifs believed to protect against evil. Another is a small black cylindrical bead with delicate white and turquoise spirals. A third is decorated with orange and white chevrons dragged across a black base. The fourth and largest bead is barrel shaped with flowing trails of yellow and white over deep black glass.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThe Phoenicians were renowned for their skill in glassmaking and their role as master traders. These beads were worn as powerful amulets and traded across cultures from Anatolia to North Africa. The blue eye motif was especially valued as protection against the evil eye, believed to reflect back malevolent gazes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eRich in beauty and ancient meaning, this rare set is a remarkable link to the spiritual and artistic traditions of the ancient Mediterranean world. A striking addition to any collection of early jewelry or ancient art.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eGood condition. Surface wear and abrasions commensurate with age, nicks and chip, with encrusted patina and rich earthen deposits throughout. Size approx. 3,2cm x 1,2cm, 1,7cm x 1,6cm, 1,1cm x 1,2cm \u0026amp; 1,0cm x 0,8cm.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eProvenance: British private collection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eFor a similar examples see:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eNecklace, The British Museum, Accession Number: 133713\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e(\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003ehttps:\/\/www.britishmuseum.org\/collection\/object\/W_1856-1223-1159\u003c\/span\u003e)\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eGlass eye beads, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Accession Number: 17.194.717\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e(\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003ehttps:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/art\/collection\/search\/249950\u003c\/span\u003e)\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":55993734037769,"sku":"100100480","price":365.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_5862.jpg?v=1754555051"},{"product_id":"collection-of-phoenician-glass-beads-3","title":"Collection of Phoenician Glass Beads","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"p1\"\u003eEastern Mediterranean, c. 600–200 BC\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eAn exquisite set of four ancient Phoenician glass beads, each a miniature masterpiece reflecting the artistry, symbolism, and far-reaching trade networks of the ancient Mediterranean world.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThe smallest bead features a delicate light-blue surface adorned with applied red-on-white eye motifs, an ancient design believed to ward off evil. Another, a sleek black cylindrical bead, is enhanced with graceful light-blue and orange trailing lines. A third example is barrel-shaped, its black base decorated with yellow and white chevron patterns drawn into a flowing wave. The largest bead in the group boasts a turquoise-blue core overlaid with an intricate coating of red and white trails on black, creating a striking visual contrast.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThe Phoenicians were celebrated for their mastery of glassmaking and their role as consummate traders. Such beads were treasured not only as ornaments but also as amulets of protection and status, exchanged across cultures from Anatolia to North Africa. The “eye” motif, in particular, was highly prized for its apotropaic power—thought to repel malevolent forces and safeguard the wearer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eVibrant in both form and history, this rare set offers a tangible link to the spiritual beliefs and artistic achievements of the ancient Mediterranean. A distinctive and meaningful addition to any collection of early jewelry or classical antiquities.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eGood condition. Surface wear and abrasions commensurate with age, nicks and chip, with encrusted patina and rich earthen deposits throughout. Size approx. 0,4cm x 0,9cm, 1,2cm x 1,4cm, 2,3cm x 1,3cm \u0026amp; 3,2cm x 1,4cm.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eProvenance: British private collection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eFor a similar examples see:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eNecklace, The British Museum, Accession Number: 133713\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e(\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003ehttps:\/\/www.britishmuseum.org\/collection\/object\/W_1856-1223-1159\u003c\/span\u003e)\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eGlass eye beads, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Accession Number: 17.194.717\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e(\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003ehttps:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/art\/collection\/search\/249950\u003c\/span\u003e)\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56007667384585,"sku":"100100485","price":395.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_5865.jpg?v=1754991773"},{"product_id":"mesopotamian-white-stone-cylinder-seal","title":"Mesopotamian White Stone Cylinder Seal","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"p1\"\u003eNorthwest Mesopotamia, c. 3000–2000 BC, possibly Ur, Iraq\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eA fascinating Mesopotamian cylinder seal carved from a fine cream-white stone. The surface is engraved with a figural scene arranged in a single register, depicting a horse alongside a standing male figure, possibly a deity or high-status individual, distinguished by an elaborate, flowing headdress. Although areas of the carving are now smoothed through prolonged use and age-related wear, the remaining details attest to the skill of the original workmanship and the seal’s long functional life. The seal is pierced longitudinally, allowing it to be suspended on a cord or worn on the body—an indication of both its practical and symbolic importance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eCylinder seals were among the earliest forms of personal identification and authentication in the ancient Near East. Rolled across wet clay, they produced continuous impressions that functioned as signatures on documents, storage jars, and administrative tablets, marking ownership, authority, and identity. Beyond their administrative role, seals were also believed to possess protective or amuletic qualities, derived from both the material itself and the imagery carved upon them. For this reason, they were often worn as jewellery or attached to garments.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eToday, cylinder seals provide invaluable insight into the social structure, religious beliefs, and daily life of early Mesopotamian civilizations. Their durable materials—stone, metal, and fired clay—have ensured their survival across millennia, making them among the most evocative and informative artifacts of the ancient world.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eGood ondition. \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eSurface wear and abrasions commensurate with age, nicks and chip, with \u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003eencrusted patina\u003c\/span\u003e. Size approx. 3,4cm x 1,2cm x 1,2cm.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p3\"\u003eProvenance: Dutch private collection\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56763631632649,"sku":"100100574","price":450.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_8550_b8909724-1fea-442a-ba9c-353ab98b70bc.jpg?v=1768900348"},{"product_id":"ancient-anatolian-yortan-blackware-tripod-jar-with-lid","title":"Ancient Anatolian Yortan Blackware Tripod Jar with Lid","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"p2\"\u003eYortan Culture, Early Bronze Age II, c. 2700–2400 BC, Kula, Manisa Province, Northwestern Anatolia\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p3\"\u003eA magnificent and exceptionally rare hand-built ceramic jar with lid from the Early Bronze Age Yortan culture, this striking vessel exemplifies the high level of ceramic sophistication achieved in prehistoric Anatolia. Fashioned from dark grey to black clay, the jar displays a rounded, slightly compressed vase-shaped body with gently sloping shoulders, rising to a flaring neck and an elegantly everted rim. It is accompanied by a domed lid adorned with a delicate conical knop and arrow-shaped geometric motifs. The vessel is raised on three tapering, protruding legs, giving it a distinctive tripod stance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p3\"\u003eFour small knob-like projections extend from the shoulder, angled subtly upward to enhance both visual rhythm and symbolic resonance. Two of these projections are pierced, as is the lid itself. Additionally, the rim is perforated on either side of the neck, likely intended for the insertion of a cord or strap, facilitating suspension, carrying, or secure closure during transport.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p3\"\u003eParticularly noteworthy is the refined surface treatment. The entire vessel has been carefully burnished to a deep, lustrous sheen, while incised geometric ornamentation—including arched bands encircling the body and an incised band with vertical lines at the base—is highlighted with white inlay, creating a striking contrast against the dark ground. This restrained yet sophisticated decoration reflects both aesthetic refinement and symbolic intent, suggesting ritual or funerary associations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p3\"\u003eThe Yortan culture is primarily known through an extensive but still insufficiently studied burial ground in the Bakırçay Valley of northwestern Anatolia and remains among the more enigmatic Early Bronze Age cultures of the region. Funerary practices typically involved placing the deceased, both adults and children, in large terracotta storage jars in a contracted position, often accompanied by finely crafted ceramic vessels such as this example. The distinctive black-burnished wares of Yortan, characterized by elegant forms and stylized decoration, provide rare insight into the beliefs and daily practices of this ancient society.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p3\"\u003eThis tripod jar with lid is a superb and evocative example of Early Bronze Age ceramic artistry and a rare survivor from a culture still largely shrouded in mystery, offering a compelling connection to the prehistoric world of Anatolia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p3\"\u003eExcellent condition. Intact. Light surface wear and abrasions commensurate with age and use, with root marks and earthen deposits throughout. Size approx. 12,0cm x 9,1cm x 8,6cm.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003eProvenance: From the estate of Associate Professor and Chief Physician Lennart Diener (1921–1989). Lennart Diener was a pioneer in the application of X-ray technology and an internationally recognized authority in the radiological examination of mummies. During his medical studies in the 1940s, he developed a deep interest in ethnography and Egyptology, particularly through the lens of medical history. As head of X-ray diagnostics at the Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Diener gained international acclaim for his groundbreaking research and undertook multiple study trips to Egypt, where he was invited to lecture at the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. He also lectured at the Symposium on the History of Medicine in the Nordic Countries, published extensively in Svensk Medicinhistorisk Tidskrift, and was later appointed Director of the Museum of Medical History.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p5\"\u003eFor a similar examples see:\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p5\"\u003eTripod jar and lid, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Accession Number: 60.83.2a, b (https:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/art\/collection\/search\/325069)\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e   \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p5\"\u003eVessel, The British Museum, Accession Number: 132425 (https:\/\/www.britishmuseum.org\/collection\/object\/W_1921-1220-49) \u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e   \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56781989445897,"sku":"100100580","price":1250.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_8660.jpg?v=1769513951"},{"product_id":"bronze-age-penannular-bracelet-with-incised-motifs","title":"Bronze Age Penannular Bracelet with Incised Motifs","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"p1\"\u003eBronze Age, c. 1200–900 BC, South East England\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eAn exceptional and very rare large cast bronze penannular bracelet or armlet from the British Bronze Age. Substantial in scale and presence, the exterior is adorned with elegant yet restrained geometric incised line decoration covering much of the surface, while the interior remains smooth and undecorated.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThe slight distortion of the decorative scheme suggests that another bracelet was once worn directly adjacent to it, causing subtle compression over time. Bracelets of this type were often produced in graduated sizes and likely custom-made for individuals of elevated social standing. Their dimensions indicate they were most probably worn high on the upper arm rather than at the wrist.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eMetal jewellery represents one of the defining features of Bronze Age society. Such objects are frequently recovered as prized grave goods, interred with both men and women. The most lavish burials—those of warriors and elite individuals—contained finely crafted bronze weapons alongside personal ornaments of status and distinction. Jewellery was not merely decorative; it was a powerful marker of identity, rank, and wealth within Bronze Age communities.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eA superb and evocative survivor, this penannular armlet stands as a testament to the craftsmanship, social hierarchy, and aesthetic sensibilities of later prehistoric Britain.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eExcellent condition. The solid bronze body is completely intact and covered with a dark green to black patina. Minor encrustations. \u003cspan style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'San Francisco', 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eSize approx. 9,5cm x 1,2cm x 0,5cm.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eProvenance: British private collection.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eFor a similar examples see:\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eBracelet, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Accession Number: 53.48.2\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e(https:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/art\/collection\/search\/468435)\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56814024065289,"sku":"100100584","price":950.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_8966.jpg?v=1770829082"},{"product_id":"european-bronze-age-socketed-spearhead","title":"European Bronze Age Socketed Spearhead","description":"\u003ch3 class=\"p1\"\u003eMiddle to Late Bronze Age, c. 1500–800 BC, Scandinavia\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eA beautiful bronze spearhead dating to the Middle or Late Bronze Age, displaying the elegant proportions and practical design characteristic of prehistoric Scandinavian weaponry. The spearhead features a slender leaf-shaped blade with finely beveled edges that taper gracefully to a sharp point, combining strength with effective piercing capability.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThe blade extends into a conical hollow socket designed to receive a wooden shaft, typically fashioned from durable woods such as ash or pine. A visible longitudinal seam, known as a split line, runs along the socket and reflects an early manufacturing technique in which a flat sheet of bronze was shaped and hammered around a mandrel to create the socket. This so-called “folded socket” method represents an important stage in the development of Bronze Age metallurgy and weapon production.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eSpears were among the most versatile and widespread weapons of the European Bronze Age, serving both in warfare and hunting. They also held considerable symbolic significance and are frequently encountered in ritual deposits, rivers, wetlands, and elite burials, suggesting that they could function as markers of status, power, and martial identity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eCombining technological sophistication with elegant craftsmanship, this spearhead is a fine example of Bronze Age metalworking and offers a tangible connection to the warrior traditions and metallurgical achievements of prehistoric Scandinavia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eGood condition. Surface wear and abrasions commensurate with age, nicks and chipping to the blade. Encrusted earthen deposits. Size approx. 10,2cm x 1,4cm x 0,9cm.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eProvenance: Swedish private collection\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eFor a similar example see:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003ePronssinen keihäänkärki, Finnish Heritage Agency,\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eAccession Number: KM9138:2 (https:\/\/finna.fi\/Record\/museovirasto.E9D5AD721E8628777169AAF3BCAB2638?sid=5367174654\u0026amp;lng=en-gb\u0026amp;imgid=1)\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Göta's World","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":57116683206921,"sku":"100100614","price":325.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0695\/1557\/5561\/files\/IMG_9969.jpg?v=1780910250"}],"url":"https:\/\/gotasworld.com\/collections\/miscellaneous.oembed?page=3","provider":"Göta's World","version":"1.0","type":"link"}