Collection of Phoenician Glass Beads

Eastern Mediterranean, c. 600–200 BC

This exquisite collection of three ancient Mediterranean glass beads, dating from 600–200 BC, beautifully embodies the artistry and symbolism of Phoenician culture. Each bead is a testament to the Phoenicians’ exceptional craftsmanship and their deep-rooted belief in protective talismans.

The first bead showcases a gorgeous silvery iridescence that has developed over centuries, enhancing its striking faceted black surface, which is adorned with blue “eyes”—apotropaic symbols believed to ward off malevolent forces. The second bead, once white and now a soft crème hue, is decorated with blue and yellow eye motifs, further reinforcing its protective purpose. The third and largest bead is crafted from black glass, featuring multicolored stratified “eyes” in red, green, blue, and orange, creating a mesmerizing display of both artistry and spiritual intent.

The Phoenicians, master seafarers of the ancient Mediterranean, used such beads not only as protective charms for safe passage but also as highly valued trade goods. These artifacts forged connections between the cultures of Anatolia, the Aegean, the Levant, and North Africa, illustrating the vast commercial and cultural network of the Phoenician world.

Phoenician eye beads were particularly significant, as blue eyes were believed to repel curses. In antiquity, it was thought that individuals with blue eyes had the power to cast the evil eye, a superstition even referenced by Aristotle, who warned against their gaze. By incorporating blue eyes into their amulets, the Phoenicians created a reflective defense—gazing back to neutralize the curse.

These remarkable beads, rich in history, mysticism, and cross-cultural significance, are enduring relics of the ancient Mediterranean’s spiritual and artistic traditions. Whether appreciated as historical artifacts, protective amulets, or symbols of early global trade, they offer a fascinating glimpse into the ingenuity of the Phoenician world.

Good condition. Surface wear and abrasions commensurate with age, nicks and chip, with encrusted patina and rich earthen deposits throughout. Size approx. 2,0cm x 1,5cm, 1,1cm x 0,8cm & 1,1cm x 0,9cm.

Provenance: British private collection.