Roman Bronze Crossbow Fibula

Later Roman Empire, c. 300 AD

An absolutely stunning Late Roman bronze crossbow fibula, a striking example of the status and prestige associated with high-ranking Roman officials and military personnel. This elegant and well-preserved fibula features a ridged crossbar, adorned with two oblate spheres with central raised points, while a third onion-shaped terminal sits prominently above the junction with the bow—a distinctive feature of crossbow fibulae. The bow itself is beautifully embellished with vertical channels, lending it a refined, architectural aesthetic. The rectangular footplate, detailed with two vertical channels and dot decorations, further enhances its appeal.

The separately made pin, an impressive example of Roman engineering, is attached via a hinge secured to a wire rod, inserted through the crossbar, and is completed by a D-shaped catchplate.

Fibulae were essential accessories in Roman fashion, functioning as both decorative brooches and practical garment fasteners, typically securing cloaks and togas at the shoulder. Unlike modern brooches, fibulae followed the safety-pin principle and, beyond their utilitarian function, were also given as votive offerings to the gods.

The crossbow fibula was a hallmark of high-ranking Roman military and civil officials from 300–600 AD. The distinctive onion-shaped knobs suggest it was a symbol of authority and rank, much like those depicted in the famous fourth-century relief of the Roman general Stilicho in Mantua, where both the general and his son wear similar fibulae.

A magnificent and historically significant artifact, perfect for collectors of Roman militaria, antiquities, and ancient jewelry.

Excellent condition. Wear consistent with age. Bends, surface scratches and light corrosion. Complete with hinged pin (moveable). Light encrustation. Beautiful light green patina. Size approx. 5,4cm x 3,7cm x 1,8cm. 

Provenance: Dutch private collection

For a similar examples see:

Crossbow fibula, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Accession Number: 67.259.2 (https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/325947)

Crossbow fibula, Harvard Art Museums/Arthur M. Sackler Museum, Accession Number: 1992.256.107 (https://harvardartmuseums.org/collections/object/304550)