Han Dynasty Pottery Footsoldier

Western Han Dynasty, c. 206 BC – 220 AD, Shaanxi Province, China

This exceptional pottery model of a Han Dynasty footsoldier exemplifies the artistry and military traditions of one of China's most influential dynasties. Crafted from underlying grey pottery, the figure retains much of its original painted pigments, offering a rare glimpse into the vibrant colors that once adorned these warriors.

Dressed in plate armor over a thigh-length tunic and shortened trousers, the soldier is depicted with high boots for protection, and thickly padded collars and sleeves, which would have provided additional defense against arrows and melee weapons. His stern, resolute expression is meticulously rendered, featuring thin arched eyebrows, slender eyes, a broad nose, a finely sculpted mustache, and firmly closed red lips. A pointed cap with ear flaps secures his tightly styled hair bun, a common feature of Han military personnel. His clenched hands contain central holes, originally designed to hold miniature bronze weapons, such as spears or swords. Adding a touch of prestige, red ribbons adorn his tunic, likely signifying rank or status within the military hierarchy.

During the Han Dynasty, such figures replaced human sacrifices, serving as mingqi—burial goods meant to protect and accompany the deceased in the afterlife. Elaborate pottery armies, such as those excavated from the Yangjiawan site in Shaanxi province, closely resemble this warrior and date to 179–141 BC, further underscoring its historical significance.

This remarkable warrior is more than just an artifact—it is a tangible piece of history, reflecting Han-era military attire, craftsmanship, and funerary customs. A rare and significant addition to any collection of Chinese antiquities.

Good condition. Repaired leg. Surface wear and abrasions commensurate with age, nicks and chip, with encrusted patina and rich earthen deposits throughout. Size approx. 25,5cm x 8,9cm x 4,4cm.

Provenance: British private collection.

For a similar examples see: 

Soldier (Tomb Figure), Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art, Cornell University, Accession Number: 2000.045.001 (https://emuseum.cornell.edu/objects/36569/soldier-tomb-figure)

Figurine of retinue-warrior, Asian Civilisations Museum, Accession Number: 1996-01495 (https://www.roots.gov.sg/Collection-Landing/listing/1110948)