Holy Land Pottery Oil Lamp

Umayyad Empire, Early Byzantine Period, c. 600-700AD, Holy Land.

This fabulous mold-made terracotta oil lamp is a stunning example of ancient artistry and spiritual symbolism. Featuring a round body and a prominent conical handle, the lamp’s top showcases a large filling hole (discus) encircled by a raised rim. At its center lies a beautifully stylized eight-pointed star motif, bordered by a ring of crosses and raised dots. The eight-pointed star holds profound symbolic meaning, often representing new beginnings, resurrection, and salvation. It reflects the idea that the number seven signifies completion, while eight marks renewal—a concept echoed in traditions like the Jewish covenant of circumcision performed on the eighth day of life.

While the reverse remains unadorned, the lamp’s design emphasizes both functionality and symbolic expression. Terracotta oil lamps such as this were indispensable in antiquity, used in sacred and domestic settings alike. A wick crafted from plant fiber or linen was placed in a reservoir filled with castor or sesame oil to provide illumination. The intricate decorations often carried religious or cultural significance, blending utility with artistic and spiritual expression.

Lamps of this type have been extensively recovered from sites like Khirbet el-Mefjer near Ain el-Sultan, Jericho. Emerging at the beginning of the 7th century AD, they became widespread during the Umayyad Empire (c. 661–750 AD), reflecting the cultural transformations brought about by the Muslim conquest of the region. This exquisite artifact bridges history, craftsmanship, and spirituality, offering a tangible connection to the life and culture of the Holy Land during a pivotal era.

Excellent condition. Extremely well-preserved with light deposits. Nozzle had even traces of soot. Gorgeous patina. Size approx. 7,8cm x 7,6cm x 4,4cm.

Provenance: Danish private collection. 

References and further reading:

Light and Life: Ancient Christian Oil Lamps of the Holyland (Studium Biblicum S.) Stanislao Loffreda, Franciscan Printing Press, 2001.