Holy Land Pottery Oil Lamp

Umayyad Empire, Early Byzantine Period, c. 600-700AD, Holy Land.

This magnificent mold-made terracotta oil lamp captures the artistic elegance and symbolic richness of the Early Islamic period. Its pointed oval body is complemented by a prominent conical handle, enhancing both its aesthetic appeal and functionality. At the top, a large filling hole (discus) is bordered by a pronounced rim, encircled by additional ridges that extend onto the nozzle, forming a straight channel around the wick hole. The shoulders are adorned with a symmetrical pattern of leaping animals—likely dogs, identifiable by their long tails and pointed muzzles—rendered in the intricate and densely detailed horror vacui style typical of the era. The reverse is unadorned except for a circular base ring featuring a raised eight-spoked wheel motif.

Terracotta oil lamps like this were vital household items and spiritual tools, illuminating spaces with light produced from a wick made of plant fiber or linen, fueled by castor or sesame oil. Frequently decorated with motifs of cultural or religious significance, these lamps blended practical utility with artistic expression.

Lamps of this type have been extensively recovered from sites like Khirbet el-Mefjer near Ain el-Sultan, Jericho. Emerging at the beginning of the 7th century AD, they became widespread during the Umayyad Empire (c. 661–750 AD), marking a period of significant cultural transformation following the Muslim conquest of the region. This exceptional artifact stands as a testament to the rich traditions of craftsmanship, spirituality, and daily life in the Holy Land during this pivotal historical era.

Excellent condition. Extremely well-preserved with light deposits. Nozzle had even traces of soot. Gorgeous patina. Size approx. 8,8cm x 7,8cm x 4,6cm.

Provenance: Danish private collection. 

References and further reading:

Light and Life: Ancient Christian Oil Lamps of the Holyland (Studium Biblicum S.) Stanislao Loffreda, Franciscan Printing Press, 2001.