Konyak Naga Bronze and Teeth Pectoral Ornament

Konyak Nagas, early 20th century, Mon District, Nagaland, India.

This exceptional ceremonial pectoral ornament exemplifies the rich artistry and cultural heritage of the Konyak Nagas, one of the prominent Naga ethnic groups. The ornament comprises approximately 50 meticulously arranged pig teeth, tubular coiled bronze beads, woven vegetal fiber, textile, and cowrie shells, reflecting both the craftsmanship and symbolic importance of the piece.

The Konyak Nagas inhabit the Mon District, famously referred to as "The Land of the Anghs," a title honoring their traditional chiefs who command great respect. Historically, the Konyaks were the last Naga group to adopt Christianity, with their pre-Christian traditions marked by a fierce warrior culture. Renowned for headhunting practices, warfare among tribes and villages was common until the mid-20th century. Facial tattoos served as badges of valor, earned through the taking of an enemy’s head.

This pectoral ornament embodies the Konyak's warrior ethos and their mastery of diverse crafts, including gunsmithing, iron smelting, brasswork, and traditional jewelry-making. Naga jewelry holds profound cultural significance, incorporating materials such as bone, claws, tusks, hair, and shells. This piece, with its unique combination of natural and crafted elements, would have served not only as a symbol of status and identity but also as a protective and ceremonial object, connecting its wearer to the community’s spiritual and warrior traditions.

An outstanding example of tribal adornment, this ornament reflects the unique identity and complex history of the Konyak Naga people. Good condition. Age-related heavy wear and handling over many years. Loss in beads. Chip in the teeth. Lovely patina. Size approx. 42cm x 9,5cm.

Provenance: Dutch private collection

References and further reading:

Naga, Encyclopedia.com (https://www.encyclopedia.com/philosophy-and-religion/eastern-religions/buddhism/naga)

Certain Aspects of Naga Culture, J.P. Mills, The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. 56 (1926), pp. 27-35.

Nagas: Their History, Life and Customs, Facts and Details, August 2020.(https://factsanddetails.com/southeast-asia/Myanmar/sub5_5d/entry-3933.html)