Roman Glass Unguentaria

The Roman Empire, c. 100-200AD.

This stunning Roman glass bottle, known as an unguentaria (also referred to as unguentarium, balsamarium, or lacrimarium), was likely used for storing oils, perfumes, or other liquids and powdered substances. Its elegant piriform body and tubular neck, which features a slight constriction, culminate in an everted rim with an in-folded lip. This distinctive form was widely embraced across the Roman Empire from the first to early fourth centuries.

Unguentaria were commonly found among Roman grave goods, though their precise purpose in funerary contexts remains uncertain. These vessels may have been used in rituals, potentially holding oils, wine, or incense, as offerings to honor the deceased or the gods.

Roman glassmakers were true pioneers, advancing glass-making techniques over two millennia ago with the development of soda-lime glass. Made from a mixture of silicon, sodium, and calcium oxides, Roman glass was often colorfully enhanced with various metallic oxides. Copper was used to achieve hues ranging from turquoise to light blue, green, and red, while cobalt created a rich, deep blue. Manganese and antimony were employed to produce vibrant yellows, whites, and purples, and iron was used to create a broad spectrum of colors, including light blue, green, brown, and black, often mimicking the precious gemstones of the time like lapis lazuli and amethyst.

This beautiful unguentarium serves as a remarkable example of Roman glassmaking craftsmanship, reflecting the sophisticated artistry and innovation of the ancient world.

Moderate condition. Age-related heavy wear occur. Repaired. Fragments missing. The surface of the exterior and interior is calcified and encrusted with minerals over the years. Bottle has a stunning colour that varying from pale green to light seafoam green. Size approx. 10,8cm x 1,3cm x 1,3cm.

Provenance: From the collection of painter and tv producer Ole Braunstein (1917–1999). Donee of the Høyen Prize in 1984.