Thai Rattanakosin Lacquered and Gilt Bronze Figure of Buddha

Rattanakosin Kingdom, late 19th century, Bangkok, Thailand

Graceful lacquered and gilt bronze figure of the Buddha from the late Rattanakosin period, depicted in sumptuous royal attire. The Buddha is shown dressed as a prince, wearing long monastic robes overlaid with richly ornamented court regalia: an elaborate winged crown, a diamond-shaped pectoral, beaded necklaces, and a heavy ceremonial cape. All surfaces are adorned with raised, jewel-like motifs imitating dense embroidery. Dynamic leaping-flame (kranok) elements accent the shoulders, ears, and knees, adding visual movement and symbolic protection.

Seated in virasana (heroic posture), the Buddha places his left hand gently in his lap while the right hand performs the bhumisparsha mudra—the earth-touching gesture that calls the earth to witness his enlightenment.

The figure rests upon a tall, stepped, three-tier trapezoidal pedestal. The upper register features a draped frontal “cloth,” while the reverse retains two original loops for a canopy, now lost. The piece is hollow-cast in one piece, finished with alternating red and black lacquer layers that create striking tonal contrast beneath the gilding.

The serene face—framed by elongated earlobes—bears downcast eyes, arched brows, and a refined, contemplative smile. The tightly curled hair rises to a tall, narrow spire-shaped finial. In many late 19th-century Rattanakosin images, traditional cranial protuberances (ushnisha) were omitted or minimized. Under King Rama IV (1851–1868), increased European influence encouraged a more humanized portrayal of the Buddha; in such cases, the spired crown substitutes for the usual protuberance, as seen here.

A beautifully preserved and richly detailed example of late Rattanakosin devotional sculpture, capturing the elegance, refinement, and regal symbolism characteristic of Bangkok court craftsmanship.

Good condition. Intact. Wear commensurate with age and use. Heavy wear to gilding. Beautiful patina. Size approx. 19,5cm x 12,5cm x 6,2cm. 

Provenance: Swedish private collection