Thai Sawankhalok Celadon Glazed Ritual Ewer with Human Figure (Kendi)

Sukhothai Kingdom, c. 1300–1400 AD, Sukhothai Province, Si Satchanalai, Thailand

This extraordinary stoneware kendi is a striking example of the ingenuity and artistic mastery of the Sawankhalok kilns during the Sukhothai Kingdom. Its compressed globular body, supported by a short foot, transitions seamlessly into a short neck with a thick-rimmed mouth. Adorned with a translucent pale-green celadon glaze, the vessel’s surface showcases elegant incised floral decorations on its shoulder, complemented by vertical ribbed carvings on its walls.

A particularly unique feature is the spout, which takes the form of a seated human figure, possibly representing Brahma, the Hindu god of creation. This figure holds a smaller vessel, a tip of the spout, symbolizing the act of pouring. The thoughtful craftsmanship and spiritual connotations suggest that this kendi may have been used in ritualistic or ceremonial contexts. The base remains unglazed, revealing its firing ring support—a hallmark of traditional production methods.

Sawankhalok greenware was a hallmark product of the region, bearing a strong resemblance to the celadons of China’s Longquan kilns in Zhejiang province. The term "celadon" derives from a 17th-century French play, referencing a character known for wearing a green costume. The green hue is achieved through a delicate chemical reaction, where naturally occurring iron oxide in the glaze reacts to the reduction firing atmosphere, producing the iconic green tones. The Sawankhalok and Si Satchanalai kilns formed one of Southeast Asia's most prolific ceramic-producing centers during the 14th century. These kilns introduced green-glazed wares to Thailand, likely influenced by Chinese techniques. This kendi represents not only a practical vessel but also a beautiful and culturally significant artifact that reflects the fusion of artistry and functionality in the Sukhothai Kingdom.

Excellent condition. Intact, no repairs. Wear commensurate with age and use. Glazing flaws and fritting with black speckles. Encrusted orange patina. Size approx. 14,9cm x 13,0cm x 13,0cm. 

Provenance: Swedish private collection